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Alexander Hales (besides Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius; known as Doctor Irrefragabilis & Theologorum Monarcha) was the scholastic theologian. He was natural at Hales, Gloucestershire, England, and died inside Paris on August 21, 1245. He was educated within a monastery at Hales, exposed & lectured at Paris, acquired awesome fame as a teacher in theology, & entered the Franciscan order in 1222.

Alexander was the number 1 to write a comment on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, before him theologiser experienced universally commented upon a scriptures. His Summa universae theologiae (foremost printed at Venice, 1475) was undertaken at the asking of Pope Innocent IV, and received his approbation. It was finished by Alexander's scholars when his dying. These are an independent act returning a triple series of authorities-- people world health organization say yes, people world health organization say there is no, then the reconciliation or even judgment. A authorities come chosen non single from either a Bible & the Fathers, however likewise among Greek, Latin, & Arabic poets & philosophers, and late theologiser. It treats around its number one a share a doctrines of God and his attributes; in its 2nd, people of Creation and sin; in its third, victims of redemption and atonement; &, around its for and survive, victims of the sacraments. Within recognition of his efforts, Alexander was given a title of "Doctor Irrefragabilis".

Among a school of thought which were specially developed &, thus to speak, fixed by Alexander of Hales, come people of the thesaurus supererogationis perfectorum, and of the character indelibilis of baptism, confirmation, and ordination. That philosophy experienced been written all about tremendously earliest by Augustine of Hippo and was eventually defined the dogma by the Council of Trent.

John Gerson tells the states “The doctrine of Alexander is of the wealth surpassing completely expression. These are said that somebody asked St. Thomas what was a better manner of researching theology; he replied that it was by attaching oneself to an expert. & to which Doctor? he was asked once more. To Alexander of Hales, a Angelic Doctor replied." (Gerson, Opera omnia.Epistola Lugdunum missa cuidam fratri Minori, vol. 1, p. 554.)

Compare Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire, founded in 1245/6.

Columbia Encyclopedia: Alexander of Hales
Brief profile of the "Unanswerable Doctor."

Catholic Encyclopedia: Alexander of Hales
Biographical article on the first of the scholastic theologians to use Aristotelean principles in systematic theology.

A Guide to Thirteenth Century Theologians: Alexander of Hales
Dates, extant works, recent bibliography.


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